Prevalencia del síndrome de Burnout en médicos iberoamericanos entre 2012 y 2018: una revisión sistemática
Burnout syndrome is increasingly common among healthcare professionals and its symptoms include emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment, affecting their work, performance and quality of service provided. This study aims to conduct a systematic-exploratory revie...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Spanish |
| Published: |
2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=7323359 |
| Source: | Diálogos de saberes: investigaciones y ciencias sociales, ISSN 0124-0021, Nº. 50, 2019, pags. 39-60 |
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| Summary: |
Burnout syndrome is increasingly common among healthcare professionals and its symptoms
include emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment,
affecting their work, performance and quality of service provided. This study aims to conduct
a systematic-exploratory review of burnout syndrome in doctors for the last seven years (2012-
2018) in Latin America. For this purpose, six databases were accessed (Redalyc, Scielo, Scopus,
ScienceDirect, Medline and EBSCO) using the following inclusion criteria: Articles published in
Spanish, English or Portuguese; residents, specialists or general practitioners; indexed journals;
cross-sectional or correlational descriptive studies; population over 70 doctors; and use of the
Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) as a standardized method. The
collection instrument employed was the literature review matrix. Fifty-two articles were selected,
23 of which met the requirements (Annex A: General practitioners, Annex B: Residents; Annex
C: Specialists; and Annex D: Unspecified doctors). The country with more studies was Mexico,
followed by Brazil and Colombia. Males predominated, since there is a general prevalence of
burnout in this gender with results by MBI-HSS dimension at high, medium or low levels. For
the study, only significant results in any of its three dimensions are highlighted.
In the selected articles it was found that there is high prevalence (45.88
%) in emotional
exhaustion and depersonalization and low prevalence in personal accomplishment in residents.
This phenomenon was observed mostly in males, and was correlated with the most significant
variables, such as being a second- or third-year resident, being a foreigner, and being a surgi-
cal resident. Similarly, the findings show how vulnerable doctors are to burnout syndrome.
Therefore, this topic requires further research to address its prevalence and correlation with
variables, inquire into the validity of the MBI-HSS in our work context, and encourage the
creation of a guidebook that helps prevent and cope with the syndrome. |
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