Tierra, territorio y autonomía: los gobiernos territoriales autónomos en la Amazonía Peruana
Indigenous organizations were born out of the demand that, to this day, remains the backbone of their agenda: to protect their lands and natural resources, as a guarantees for their subsistence. The state response was to create the figure of “native community”, that would become fragment swarths of...
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| Language: | Spanish |
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2022
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| Online Access: | https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=8878474 |
| Source: | Derecho & Sociedad, ISSN 2079-3634, Nº. 59, 2022, pags. 1-26 |
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Derecho & Sociedad, ISSN 2079-3634, Nº. 59, 2022, pags. 1-26
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Territorio
Territorio ancestral Territorio integral Autonomía Gobiernos autónomos Ley de comunidades nativas Pueblos indígenas amazónicos Territory Ancestral territory Integral territory Autonomy Autonomous governments Law on native communities Amazonian indigenous peoples |
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Territorio
Territorio ancestral Territorio integral Autonomía Gobiernos autónomos Ley de comunidades nativas Pueblos indígenas amazónicos Territory Ancestral territory Integral territory Autonomy Autonomous governments Law on native communities Amazonian indigenous peoples Balbuena Palacios, Patricia Tierra, territorio y autonomía: los gobiernos territoriales autónomos en la Amazonía Peruana |
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Indigenous organizations were born out of the demand that, to this day, remains the backbone of their agenda: to protect their lands and natural resources, as a guarantees for their subsistence. The state response was to create the figure of “native community”, that would become fragment swarths of lowlands indigenous people’s territories; a legal figure similar to the “peasant community” in the Andes. To establish native communities, the state concentrates the indigenous population in villages, breaking traditional patterns of settlement. However, all these changes were accepted by indigenous organizations in exchange for protection against waves of immigration and illegal activities such as unauthorized logging.This article aims to show how the state response, through the legal framework of Native Communities Laws of 1974 and 1978, is no longer sufficient to fulfill the needs of indigenous peoples to protect their lands and territories. The native community’s regulation does not fulfill the standards developed by the Constitutional Court and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, nor with the ILO Convention No 169. Illegal activities are growing in the Amazon, and conflicts due to territory overlaps are a permanent source of conflicts with formal or illegal third parties.In recent years, indigenous organizations have tried to recover the governance of their territories through two main strategies: i) titling as an indigenous people and no longer as communities; and ii) establishing autonomous governments on those territories. Currently, 7 indigenous peoples out of 51 have advanced in this pursuit. This process, led by the Wampis people, could be the beginning of a new stage in the relationship between the State and the traditional Amazonian inhabitants. The actors involved must urgently address the situation since what is at stake is the subsistence of indigenous peoples and the preservation of lowlands ecosystems and biodiversity. Meanwhile, illegal actors are taking advantage of these legal weaknesses to advance by leaps and bounds.
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Article
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| author |
Balbuena Palacios, Patricia
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| author_facet |
Balbuena Palacios, Patricia
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| author_sort |
Balbuena Palacios, Patricia
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| title |
Tierra, territorio y autonomía: los gobiernos territoriales autónomos en la Amazonía Peruana
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| title_short |
Tierra, territorio y autonomía: los gobiernos territoriales autónomos en la Amazonía Peruana
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| title_full |
Tierra, territorio y autonomía: los gobiernos territoriales autónomos en la Amazonía Peruana
|
| title_fullStr |
Tierra, territorio y autonomía: los gobiernos territoriales autónomos en la Amazonía Peruana
|
| title_full_unstemmed |
Tierra, territorio y autonomía: los gobiernos territoriales autónomos en la Amazonía Peruana
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| title_sort |
tierra, territorio y autonomía: los gobiernos territoriales autónomos en la amazonía peruana
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| publishDate |
2022
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| url |
https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=8878474
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1762390465444839424
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| spelling |
dialnet-ar-18-ART00015892322023-04-04Tierra, territorio y autonomía: los gobiernos territoriales autónomos en la Amazonía PeruanaBalbuena Palacios, PatriciaTerritorioTerritorio ancestralTerritorio integralAutonomíaGobiernos autónomosLey de comunidades nativasPueblos indígenas amazónicosTerritoryAncestral territoryIntegral territoryAutonomyAutonomous governmentsLaw on native communitiesAmazonian indigenous peoplesIndigenous organizations were born out of the demand that, to this day, remains the backbone of their agenda: to protect their lands and natural resources, as a guarantees for their subsistence. The state response was to create the figure of “native community”, that would become fragment swarths of lowlands indigenous people’s territories; a legal figure similar to the “peasant community” in the Andes. To establish native communities, the state concentrates the indigenous population in villages, breaking traditional patterns of settlement. However, all these changes were accepted by indigenous organizations in exchange for protection against waves of immigration and illegal activities such as unauthorized logging.This article aims to show how the state response, through the legal framework of Native Communities Laws of 1974 and 1978, is no longer sufficient to fulfill the needs of indigenous peoples to protect their lands and territories. The native community’s regulation does not fulfill the standards developed by the Constitutional Court and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, nor with the ILO Convention No 169. Illegal activities are growing in the Amazon, and conflicts due to territory overlaps are a permanent source of conflicts with formal or illegal third parties.In recent years, indigenous organizations have tried to recover the governance of their territories through two main strategies: i) titling as an indigenous people and no longer as communities; and ii) establishing autonomous governments on those territories. Currently, 7 indigenous peoples out of 51 have advanced in this pursuit. This process, led by the Wampis people, could be the beginning of a new stage in the relationship between the State and the traditional Amazonian inhabitants. The actors involved must urgently address the situation since what is at stake is the subsistence of indigenous peoples and the preservation of lowlands ecosystems and biodiversity. Meanwhile, illegal actors are taking advantage of these legal weaknesses to advance by leaps and bounds.Las organizaciones indígenas nacieron con una demanda que hasta hoy sigue siendo la espina dorsal de su agenda: proteger sus tierras y recursos naturales como garantía para su subsistencia. La respuesta estatal fue la de crear la figura de comunidades nativas que pasarían a ser la concreción territorial fragmentada de cada pueblo indígena de la Amazonía; figura similar a las comunidades campesinas, pero estas tenían como antecedente las delimitaciones de los reductos coloniales. Para crear comunidades nativas, hubo que concentrar a la población indígena, rompiendo patrones de asentamientos tradicionales. No obstante, todo ello fue aceptado, a cambio de garantías frente a las olas de migración y actividades como tala ilegal.El propósito de este artículo es mostrar cómo la respuesta estatal, a través del marco normativo que data de la Ley de Comunidades Nativas de 1974 y 1978, ya no es suficiente para cumplir el anhelo de los pueblos indígenas para proteger sus tierras y territorios. No se ha cumplido con la tarea de alinear la norma nacional al Convenio 169° de la OIT y tampoco a los estándares desarrollados por la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional y la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. Las actividades ilegales crecen en la Amazonía, y los conflictos por superposiciones son fuente permanente de conflictos con terceros formales o ilegales. Ante esto, la respuesta de las organizaciones indígenas es recuperar la gobernanza de sus territorios, a través de dos estrategias: i) la titulación como pueblo indígena y ya no como comunidades; y ii) sobre esos territorios, la constitución de gobiernos territoriales autónomos. A la fecha, son 7 pueblos de los 5 los que han avanzado en ese proceso. El mismo es liderado por el pueblo Wampis y puede ser el inicio de una nueva etapa en la relación entre el Estado y los pueblos indígenas amazónicos, la cual no se puede ignorar, sino que debe ser abordada con carácter de urgencia, ya que está en juego no solo la subsistencia de los pueblos indígenas, sino también la biodiversidad y los ecosistemas de nuestra Amazonía, frente a los actores ilegales que aprovechan estas fragilidades para avanzar a pasos agigantados.2022text (article)application/pdfhttps://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=8878474(Revista) ISSN 2079-3634Derecho & Sociedad, ISSN 2079-3634, Nº. 59, 2022, pags. 1-26spaLICENCIA DE USO: Los documentos a texto completo incluidos en Dialnet son de acceso libre y propiedad de sus autores y/o editores. Por tanto, cualquier acto de reproducción, distribución, comunicación pública y/o transformación total o parcial requiere el consentimiento expreso y escrito de aquéllos. 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