Factores de riesgo de Criptococosis en paciente inmunodeprimidos VIH
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the disease that most predisposes to Cryptococcosis, being detected in up to 80-90% of cases. Most of them are patients with CD4 lymphocyte counts below 100 cells. /μL. In underdeveloped countries like ours with considerable HIV epidemics, Cryptococcosis...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Spanish |
| Published: |
2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=8873117 |
| Source: | RECIMUNDO: Revista Científica de la Investigación y el Conocimiento, ISSN 2588-073X, Vol. 6, Nº. 2, 2022, pags. 309-317 |
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| Summary: |
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the disease that most predisposes to Cryptococcosis, being detected in up to 80-90% of cases. Most of them are patients with CD4 lymphocyte counts below 100 cells. /μL. In underdeveloped countries like ours with considerable HIV epidemics, Cryptococcosis seems to reach very high prevalences, 15-45% of AIDS patients die from Cryptococcosis. Thanks to HAART (Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy), there is evidence of a decrease in comorbidities and mortality in HIV-positive patients, despite this, it is still high in regions without access to HAART or due to abandonment of treatment. The fungus C. neoformans infects by inhalation, in immunocompetent hosts it causes an asymptomatic primary infection. Hematogenous dissemination causes seeding in various locations, when there is a compromise of immunity, complications become evident. This study is carried out to determine the risk factors of cere-bral Cryptococci in HIV-positive patients, according to sex, origin, and socioeconomic level that these patients come from, the clinical discharge, in this study, collecting information on the patients of the "José Rodríguez Maridueña" Infectology Hospital in the period 2016 to 2017, it was determined that: the clinical forms in which the cryptococcosis in HIV positive patients with greater frequency are: meningeal cryptococcosis 53% (being the most frequent). The male sex represents an overwhelming majority, with 71% of the cases; the most vulnerable age group is between 36 and 50 years. 50% of HIV-pos-itive patients with cryptococcosis had not received medication and it was due to cryptococcosis that it was revealed that they had HIV-AIDS. 28% patients who accepted abandonment of treatment or inadequate intake. The main complications of cryptococcosis that affects the central nervous system are intracranial hypertension 50%, the most important being de-mentia 28%, hydrocephalus 5%, cranial nerve palsies 5% and 16% died. |
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