Torments Through Time: Pardon in Brazilian Military Penal Law between Early Modern Rules and Liberal Justice (Council of State, 1842-1889)

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Revista Brasileira de Direito Processual Penal, ISSN 2525-510X, Vol. 7, Nº. 2, 2021, pags. 1057-1096

English

Pardon
Military law
Military procedure
Council of State
Ancien Régime criminal law
Direito de graça
Direito militar
Processo militar
Conselho de Estado
Direito penal de Antigo Regime

Pardon
Military law
Military procedure
Council of State
Ancien Régime criminal law
Direito de graça
Direito militar
Processo militar
Conselho de Estado
Direito penal de Antigo Regime
Costa, Arthur Barrêtto de Almeida
Torments Through Time: Pardon in Brazilian Military Penal Law between Early Modern Rules and Liberal Justice (Council of State, 1842-1889)

Military criminal law in 19th century Brazil was governed mostly by the Articles of War (1763), which retained many characteristics from Early Modern punitive practices. Did pardon of soldier offenders too retained its older features, completing the logic of Ancien Régime punishment, based on the duality fear/love? To answer this, I analyzed the opinions of the Council of State, Section of Navy and War on pardon petitions. Contextualizing these data with criminal statistics from the armed forces, we can see that the death penalty was lavishly imposed, but capital sentences tended to be reduced going up in the judicial structure. This, coupled with the institutional design favoring a quick trial in military procedural law shows that the system was designed to instill fear, especially during the Paraguayan War. Pardons were frequently given to counter the harshness of the Articles of War, just like in the Ancien Régime, but new functions were added, like the correction of procedural errors. I concluded that pardon retained much of its older logic, yet military law was not “transitional”, but a natural complement to the violent way of recruitment pursued by the armed forces.

Article

Costa, Arthur Barrêtto de Almeida

Costa, Arthur Barrêtto de Almeida

Costa, Arthur Barrêtto de Almeida

Torments Through Time: Pardon in Brazilian Military Penal Law between Early Modern Rules and Liberal Justice (Council of State, 1842-1889)

Torments Through Time: Pardon in Brazilian Military Penal Law between Early Modern Rules and Liberal Justice (Council of State, 1842-1889)

Torments Through Time: Pardon in Brazilian Military Penal Law between Early Modern Rules and Liberal Justice (Council of State, 1842-1889)

Torments Through Time: Pardon in Brazilian Military Penal Law between Early Modern Rules and Liberal Justice (Council of State, 1842-1889)

Torments Through Time: Pardon in Brazilian Military Penal Law between Early Modern Rules and Liberal Justice (Council of State, 1842-1889)

torments through time: pardon in brazilian military penal law between early modern rules and liberal justice (council of state, 1842-1889)

2021

https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=8084187

1713634220310528000

dialnet-ar-18-ART00014809902021-10-12Torments Through Time: Pardon in Brazilian Military Penal Law between Early Modern Rules and Liberal Justice (Council of State, 1842-1889)Costa, Arthur Barrêtto de AlmeidaPardonMilitary lawMilitary procedureCouncil of StateAncien Régime criminal lawDireito de graçaDireito militarProcesso militarConselho de EstadoDireito penal de Antigo RegimeMilitary criminal law in 19th century Brazil was governed mostly by the Articles of War (1763), which retained many characteristics from Early Modern punitive practices. Did pardon of soldier offenders too retained its older features, completing the logic of Ancien Régime punishment, based on the duality fear/love? To answer this, I analyzed the opinions of the Council of State, Section of Navy and War on pardon petitions. Contextualizing these data with criminal statistics from the armed forces, we can see that the death penalty was lavishly imposed, but capital sentences tended to be reduced going up in the judicial structure. This, coupled with the institutional design favoring a quick trial in military procedural law shows that the system was designed to instill fear, especially during the Paraguayan War. Pardons were frequently given to counter the harshness of the Articles of War, just like in the Ancien Régime, but new functions were added, like the correction of procedural errors. I concluded that pardon retained much of its older logic, yet military law was not “transitional”, but a natural complement to the violent way of recruitment pursued by the armed forces.O direito penal militar brasileiro oitocentista era regulado principalmente pelos artigos de guerra (1763), que mantinham muitas características do direito penal de antigo regime. A graça de militares também retinha características anteriores, completando a lógica penal do antigo regime, baseada na dualidade amor/temor? Para responder a essa pergunta, analisei pareceres do Conselho de Estado, Seção da Guerra e Marinha sobre petições de graça. Contextualizando esses dados com estatísticas criminais das forças armadas, vemos que a pena de morte era imposta com frequência, mas tendia a ser minorada em instâncias superiores. Isso, juntamente com o desenho institucional que favorecia julgamentos rápidos no processo militar mostra que o sistema era projetado para provocar medo, especialmente durante a Guerra do Paraguai. Graças eram concedidas com frequência para suavizar a dureza dos Artigos de Guerra, como no Antigo Regime, mas novas funções foram adicionadas, como a correção de falhas processuais. Concluí que a graça reteve muito de sua lógica antiga, mas que o direito militar não estava “em transição”, mas oferecia uma resposta natural ao modo violento com que se dava o recrutamento de militares.2021text (article)application/pdfhttps://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=8084187(Revista) ISSN 2525-510XRevista Brasileira de Direito Processual Penal, ISSN 2525-510X, Vol. 7, Nº. 2, 2021, pags. 1057-1096engLICENCIA DE USO: Los documentos a texto completo incluidos en Dialnet son de acceso libre y propiedad de sus autores y/o editores. Por tanto, cualquier acto de reproducción, distribución, comunicación pública y/o transformación total o parcial requiere el consentimiento expreso y escrito de aquéllos. Cualquier enlace al texto completo de estos documentos deberá hacerse a través de la URL oficial de éstos en Dialnet. Más información: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/info/derechosOAI | INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS STATEMENT: Full text documents hosted by Dialnet are protected by copyright and/or related rights. This digital object is accessible without charge, but its use is subject to the licensing conditions set by its authors or editors. Unless expressly stated otherwise in the licensing conditions, you are free to linking, browsing, printing and making a copy for your own personal purposes. All other acts of reproduction and communication to the public are subject to the licensing conditions expressed by editors and authors and require consent from them. Any link to this document should be made using its official URL in Dialnet. More info: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/info/derechosOAI