O caso das Bruxas de Salem e a origem do plea bargaining norte-americano: contrapondo o entendimento dicotômico dos sistemas processuais penais

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Revista Brasileira de Direito Processual Penal, ISSN 2525-510X, Vol. 6, Nº. 2 (Maio-Agosto), 2020, pags. 835-872

Portuguese

Plea bargaining
Salem witch trials
Inquisitorial
Salem witchcraft
Adversarial system
Plea bargaining
Inquisitório
Bruxas de Salem
Acusatório
Sistemas processuais penais

Plea bargaining
Salem witch trials
Inquisitorial
Salem witchcraft
Adversarial system
Plea bargaining
Inquisitório
Bruxas de Salem
Acusatório
Sistemas processuais penais
Ribeiro, Sarah Gonçalves
Chemim Guimarães, Rodrigo Régnier
O caso das Bruxas de Salem e a origem do plea bargaining norte-americano: contrapondo o entendimento dicotômico dos sistemas processuais penais

The question that drives this article is: can the North American plea bargaining originate by means considered by contemporary doctrine as predominantly "inquisitorial"? If so, and considering that 95% of the cases in that country are resolved by plea bargaining, does it make sense to continue saying that the criminal procedure system in the United States of America is "adversarial"? And more: deconstructed the labels that predominate in the doctrine around this theme, does it make sense to insist on the use of the dichotomy of criminal procedural systems, in adversarial versus inquisitorial, notably in the discussion of the adoption of procedural models inspired by the American plea bargaining? These questions are intended to be answered based on the historical reconstruction of plea bargaining in the United States, which goes back to its Puritan colonization, its attachment to economic disputes and the practices introduced in the 17th century, whose primitive expression is found in the famous judgment of the “witches of Salem” in Massachusetts. The article then explores how things went in this case, identifying the similarity between the methods used in the Salem witches' trial and the modern plea bargaining. Physical and psychological torture, linked to the possibility of harsh penalties, which frightened those accused of heresy in the processes of the medieval inquisition, as well as their limited possibility of defense, were also found in the Salem witch trials. Thus, what can be seen is that a criminal justice model perpetuated as "inquisitorial" by cultural transmission has been perpetuated, as a medieval heritage in parts of the North American criminal process. This shows that there is no conceptual rigidity about criminal procedural systems, contradicting a significant part of contemporary doctrine that continues to cling to the inquisitorial versus adversarial dichotomy. And it allows us to move forward, detaching ourselves from this doctrinal dichotomous tie, which is typical of the pretensions of scientific organization of the 19th century in Europe, and which has since promoted a dualist vision and which does not accept to see anything beyond the antagonistic labels of inquisitorial or adversarial, to inquire whether it is convenient or not and in what terms, in light of the 1988 Constitution, to adopt models inspired by the American bargaining model in Brazil.

Article

Ribeiro, Sarah Gonçalves
Chemim Guimarães, Rodrigo Régnier

Ribeiro, Sarah Gonçalves
Chemim Guimarães, Rodrigo Régnier

Ribeiro, Sarah Gonçalves

O caso das Bruxas de Salem e a origem do plea bargaining norte-americano: contrapondo o entendimento dicotômico dos sistemas processuais penais

O caso das Bruxas de Salem e a origem do plea bargaining norte-americano: contrapondo o entendimento dicotômico dos sistemas processuais penais

O caso das Bruxas de Salem e a origem do plea bargaining norte-americano: contrapondo o entendimento dicotômico dos sistemas processuais penais

O caso das Bruxas de Salem e a origem do plea bargaining norte-americano: contrapondo o entendimento dicotômico dos sistemas processuais penais

O caso das Bruxas de Salem e a origem do plea bargaining norte-americano: contrapondo o entendimento dicotômico dos sistemas processuais penais

o caso das bruxas de salem e a origem do plea bargaining norte-americano: contrapondo o entendimento dicotômico dos sistemas processuais penais

2020

https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=7731767

1709753377781448704

dialnet-ar-18-ART00014314182021-01-30O caso das Bruxas de Salem e a origem do plea bargaining norte-americano: contrapondo o entendimento dicotômico dos sistemas processuais penaisRibeiro, Sarah GonçalvesChemim Guimarães, Rodrigo RégnierPlea bargainingSalem witch trialsInquisitorialSalem witchcraftAdversarial systemPlea bargainingInquisitórioBruxas de SalemAcusatórioSistemas processuais penaisThe question that drives this article is: can the North American plea bargaining originate by means considered by contemporary doctrine as predominantly "inquisitorial"? If so, and considering that 95% of the cases in that country are resolved by plea bargaining, does it make sense to continue saying that the criminal procedure system in the United States of America is "adversarial"? And more: deconstructed the labels that predominate in the doctrine around this theme, does it make sense to insist on the use of the dichotomy of criminal procedural systems, in adversarial versus inquisitorial, notably in the discussion of the adoption of procedural models inspired by the American plea bargaining? These questions are intended to be answered based on the historical reconstruction of plea bargaining in the United States, which goes back to its Puritan colonization, its attachment to economic disputes and the practices introduced in the 17th century, whose primitive expression is found in the famous judgment of the “witches of Salem” in Massachusetts. The article then explores how things went in this case, identifying the similarity between the methods used in the Salem witches' trial and the modern plea bargaining. Physical and psychological torture, linked to the possibility of harsh penalties, which frightened those accused of heresy in the processes of the medieval inquisition, as well as their limited possibility of defense, were also found in the Salem witch trials. Thus, what can be seen is that a criminal justice model perpetuated as "inquisitorial" by cultural transmission has been perpetuated, as a medieval heritage in parts of the North American criminal process. This shows that there is no conceptual rigidity about criminal procedural systems, contradicting a significant part of contemporary doctrine that continues to cling to the inquisitorial versus adversarial dichotomy. And it allows us to move forward, detaching ourselves from this doctrinal dichotomous tie, which is typical of the pretensions of scientific organization of the 19th century in Europe, and which has since promoted a dualist vision and which does not accept to see anything beyond the antagonistic labels of inquisitorial or adversarial, to inquire whether it is convenient or not and in what terms, in light of the 1988 Constitution, to adopt models inspired by the American bargaining model in Brazil.A questão que move o presente artigo é: pode o plea bargainingnorte-americano ter sido originado por meios considerados pela doutrina contemporânea como predominantemente "inquisitórios"? Em caso afirmativo, e considerando que 95% dos casos naquele país se resolvem pelo plea bargaining, faz sentido seguir dizendo que o sistema processual penal dos Estados Unidos da América seja "acusatório"? E mais: desconstruídos os rótulos que predominam na doutrina em torno desse tema, faz sentido insistir no emprego da dicotomia dos sistemas processuais penais, em acusatório versusinquisitório, notadamente na discussão da adoção de modelos processuais inspirados no plea bargainingnorte-americano? Essas perguntas pretendem ser respondidas a partir da reconstrução histórica do plea bargainingnos Estados Unidos, o que remonta à sua colonização puritana, seu apego a disputas econômicas e às práticas introduzidas no século XVII, cuja expressão primitiva se encontra no famoso julgamento das “bruxas de Salem”, em Massachussets. O artigo, então, explora como as coisas se deram nesse caso, identificando a semelhança entre os métodos utilizados no julgamento das bruxas de Salem e no moderno plea bargaining.A tortura física e psicológica, esta vinculada à possibilidade de duras penas, que atemorizavam os acusados de heresia nos processos da inquisição medieval, assim como a sua parca possibilidade de defesa, também foram encontradas nos julgamentos das bruxas de Salem. Assim, o que se percebe é que se perpetuou um modelo de justiça criminal tachado como "inquisitorial" pela transmissão cultural, como uma herança medieval em parcelas do processo penal norte-americano. Isso evidencia que não há rigidez conceitual acerca dos sistemas processuais penais contradizendo significativa parcela da doutrina contemporânea que segue se apegando à dicotomia inquisitório versusacusatório. E permite avançar para, desvinculando-se dessa amarração dicotômica doutrinária, que é própria das pretensões de organização científica do século XIX na Europa, e que de lá para cá vem promovendo uma visão dualista e que não aceita enxergar nada para além dos rótulos antagônicos de inquisitório ou acusatório, indagar se é conveniente, ou não e em que termos à luz da Constituição da República de 1988, adotar-se, no Brasil modelos inspirados no plea bargainingestadunidense. 2020text (article)application/pdfhttps://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=7731767(Revista) ISSN 2525-510XRevista Brasileira de Direito Processual Penal, ISSN 2525-510X, Vol. 6, Nº. 2 (Maio-Agosto), 2020, pags. 835-872porLICENCIA DE USO: Los documentos a texto completo incluidos en Dialnet son de acceso libre y propiedad de sus autores y/o editores. 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