La Constitución europea tras el Consejo Europeo de Bruselas y el Tratado de Lisboa

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Revista de derecho constitucional europeo, ISSN 1697-7890, Nº. 8, 2007, pags. 11-42

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Derecho Constitucional Europeo
Tratado de Lisboa
European Union
European Constitution
European Constitutional Law
Treaty of Lisbon
Unión Europea
Constitución Europea

Derecho Constitucional Europeo
Tratado de Lisboa
European Union
European Constitution
European Constitutional Law
Treaty of Lisbon
Unión Europea
Constitución Europea
Balaguer Callejón, Francisco
La Constitución europea tras el Consejo Europeo de Bruselas y el Tratado de Lisboa

In this work the author analyses the last developments of the European "constituionalization" process from the point of view of the need of advance in this process. There are two kind of complementary reasons for the European advance in political integration and constitutional development. These reasons are internal and external. The external reasons show that is impossible to think that self management of the national interest will be efficient in two or three decades. The political integration is requisite to make possible that Europe could carry out a common management in the global context. There are also internal reasons, because the increase of the political integration will be incompatible with the European democratic culture unless it goes with constitutional mechanism of control and accountability. The Brussels European Council (21/22 June 2007) and the Reform Treaty, elaborated from this Council, have produced a paradoxical situation: on the one hand, this new Treaty includes contents of the Constitutional Treaty; on the other hand, the word "Constitution" has been erased. We have moved from a Constitution with form of a Treaty to a Constitution with name of a Treaty. The conclusion, that we can reach, is not very pleasing for European Institutions: or the Constitutional Treaty was not a Constitution and the Institutions wanted that we considered it as one, or the Reform Treaty it is a Constitution and the Institutions want us to consider it as a simple Treaty. Because it is completely impossible to think that the same constitutional contents could be and could not be a Constitution at the same time. The politic, also the European politic, could not go so far. This work analyses the extent of the changes, which have been introduced by the new Treaty in relationship with the Constitutional Treaty. The author remarks the irrelevant character of these changes from the point of view of considering the Reform Treaty or Treaty of Lisbon as "Constitution". There are terminological changes, which do not have an effect on the essence of the previous Constitutional Treaty. Anyway, although the positive conclusion related to the constitutional essence (in connection with the Constitutional Treaty), it is noteworthy the backward movement that implies the method of elaboration and adoption of this new Treaty, from the point of view of transparency and democratic legitimacy of the Union. The author indicates also that the constitutional crisis has become into a European crisis of identity, because the constitutionalization process is the unique instrument that allows advancing to integration process, which is even more needed. If this process is place in doubt, it will be also arguing about the European democratic and constitutional culture and about the possibility to transform Europe into something more than a free trade zone. ¿What can be offer to the Europeans in order to build a European Identity but a constitutional and democratic order? It is logical that the following fundamental step of the Union should be an authentic Constitution, not only because of its content but also because its form. This Constitution should be an expression of the European citizens' will, not of each national citizenship, not of a fragmented citizenship, but a European Union citizenship. The present reform could give a solid constitutional base to pass from a material Constitution to a European formal Constitution.

Article

Balaguer Callejón, Francisco

Balaguer Callejón, Francisco

Balaguer Callejón, Francisco

La Constitución europea tras el Consejo Europeo de Bruselas y el Tratado de Lisboa

La Constitución europea tras el Consejo Europeo de Bruselas y el Tratado de Lisboa

La Constitución europea tras el Consejo Europeo de Bruselas y el Tratado de Lisboa

La Constitución europea tras el Consejo Europeo de Bruselas y el Tratado de Lisboa

La Constitución europea tras el Consejo Europeo de Bruselas y el Tratado de Lisboa

la constitución europea tras el consejo europeo de bruselas y el tratado de lisboa

Junta de Andalucía: Instituto Andaluz de Administración Pública

2007

https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=2578788

1709707492100931584

dialnet-ar-18-ART00002021122016-09-15La Constitución europea tras el Consejo Europeo de Bruselas y el Tratado de LisboaBalaguer Callejón, FranciscoDerecho Constitucional EuropeoTratado de LisboaEuropean UnionEuropean ConstitutionEuropean Constitutional LawTreaty of LisbonUnión EuropeaConstitución EuropeaIn this work the author analyses the last developments of the European "constituionalization" process from the point of view of the need of advance in this process. There are two kind of complementary reasons for the European advance in political integration and constitutional development. These reasons are internal and external. The external reasons show that is impossible to think that self management of the national interest will be efficient in two or three decades. The political integration is requisite to make possible that Europe could carry out a common management in the global context. There are also internal reasons, because the increase of the political integration will be incompatible with the European democratic culture unless it goes with constitutional mechanism of control and accountability. The Brussels European Council (21/22 June 2007) and the Reform Treaty, elaborated from this Council, have produced a paradoxical situation: on the one hand, this new Treaty includes contents of the Constitutional Treaty; on the other hand, the word "Constitution" has been erased. We have moved from a Constitution with form of a Treaty to a Constitution with name of a Treaty. The conclusion, that we can reach, is not very pleasing for European Institutions: or the Constitutional Treaty was not a Constitution and the Institutions wanted that we considered it as one, or the Reform Treaty it is a Constitution and the Institutions want us to consider it as a simple Treaty. Because it is completely impossible to think that the same constitutional contents could be and could not be a Constitution at the same time. The politic, also the European politic, could not go so far. This work analyses the extent of the changes, which have been introduced by the new Treaty in relationship with the Constitutional Treaty. The author remarks the irrelevant character of these changes from the point of view of considering the Reform Treaty or Treaty of Lisbon as "Constitution". There are terminological changes, which do not have an effect on the essence of the previous Constitutional Treaty. Anyway, although the positive conclusion related to the constitutional essence (in connection with the Constitutional Treaty), it is noteworthy the backward movement that implies the method of elaboration and adoption of this new Treaty, from the point of view of transparency and democratic legitimacy of the Union. The author indicates also that the constitutional crisis has become into a European crisis of identity, because the constitutionalization process is the unique instrument that allows advancing to integration process, which is even more needed. If this process is place in doubt, it will be also arguing about the European democratic and constitutional culture and about the possibility to transform Europe into something more than a free trade zone. ¿What can be offer to the Europeans in order to build a European Identity but a constitutional and democratic order? It is logical that the following fundamental step of the Union should be an authentic Constitution, not only because of its content but also because its form. This Constitution should be an expression of the European citizens' will, not of each national citizenship, not of a fragmented citizenship, but a European Union citizenship. The present reform could give a solid constitutional base to pass from a material Constitution to a European formal Constitution.En este trabajo se analizan los últimos desarrollos del proceso de constitucionalización de la Unión Europea desde la perspectiva de la necesidad de avanzar en ese proceso. Existen dos tipos de razones, que se complementan, para que Europa avance de manera rápida tanto en integración política como en desarrollo constitucional. Esas razones son tanto de orden externo como interno. De orden externo por cuanto que no se puede pensar en una gestión independiente por parte de cada uno de los países europeos de sus intereses de manera eficaz dentro de dos o tres décadas. La integración política viene así exigida para hacer posible que Europa realice una gestión común de los asuntos en el contexto mundial. Ahora bien, existen también razones de orden interno ya que el aumento de la integración política resultaría incompatible con la cultura democrática europea si no fuera acompañada de mecanismos constitucionales de control y de exigencia de responsabilidad. El Consejo Europeo de Bruselas de 21 y 22 de Junio de 2007 y el Proyecto de Tratado de Reforma que se ha elaborado a partir del mismo han generado una situación paradójica: por un lado, se ha incorporado el contenido el Tratado Constitucional, mientras que, por otro lado, se ha eliminado el término "Constitución". Hemos pasado así de una Constitución con forma de Tratado (esto es, de un Tratado con contenido constitucional) a una Constitución con nombre de Tratado. La conclusión a que podemos llegar no es un muy grata para las instituciones europeas: o bien antes no era una Constitución y se nos había intentado pasar por Constitución lo que no lo era o bien ahora es una Constitución y se nos está intentado pasar por un mero Tratado lo que es una Constitución. Porque lo que tenemos que descartar, en todo caso, es que el mismo contenido constitucional y la misma forma de Tratado puedan ser y no ser una Constitución al mismo tiempo. La política, incluida la política europea, no puede llegar a tanto. En el trabajo se analiza el alcance de las modificaciones que se han introducido en relación con el Tratado Constitucional destacando su carácter irrelevante desde el punto de vista de la consideración como "Constitución" de los nuevos textos fundamentales resultantes del Tratado de Reforma o Tratado de Lisboa. Se trata de cambios terminológicos que no afectan a la sustancia del anterior Tratado Constitucional. Ahora bien, pese a la conclusión positiva respecto del alcance constitucional (en relación con el que tenía el Tratado Constitucional, por limitado que se pudiera considerar) del Tratado de Lisboa, por lo que a su contenido se refiere, no deja de destacarse el retroceso que supone la forma de elaboración y adopción de este nuevo Tratado desde el punto de vista de la transparencia y la legitimidad democrática de la Unión. Se argumenta también en este trabajo que si la crisis constitucional se ha convertido en una crisis de identidad europea es porque el proceso de constitucionalización es ya el único instrumento posible para avanzar hacia una integración política cada vez más necesaria. Al cuestionar ese proceso se está cuestionando la cultura democrática y constitucional de Europa y la posibilidad misma de que Europa sea algo más que una zona de libre cambio ¿qué se le puede ofrecer a la ciudadanía europea para construir una identidad propia que no sea un orden constitucional y democrático? Lo lógico es que el siguiente paso fundamental de la Unión sea una auténtica Constitución europea no sólo por el contenido sino también por la forma. Una Constitución que sea expresión de la voluntad de la ciudadanía europea. No de la ciudadanía europea nacional de cada país, no de una ciudadanía fragmentada, sino de la ciudadanía de la Unión Europea. La reforma en curso puede proporcionar una base constitucional sólida para pasar de una Constitución material a una Constitución formal europea.Junta de Andalucía: Instituto Andaluz de Administración PúblicaUniversidad de Granada: Departamento de Derecho Constitucional2007text (article)application/pdfhttps://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=2578788(Revista) ISSN 1697-7890Revista de derecho constitucional europeo, ISSN 1697-7890, Nº. 8, 2007, pags. 11-42spaLICENCIA DE USO: Los documentos a texto completo incluidos en Dialnet son de acceso libre y propiedad de sus autores y/o editores. Por tanto, cualquier acto de reproducción, distribución, comunicación pública y/o transformación total o parcial requiere el consentimiento expreso y escrito de aquéllos. Cualquier enlace al texto completo de estos documentos deberá hacerse a través de la URL oficial de éstos en Dialnet. 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