Tipo total de injusto.

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Meritum, ISSN 2238-6939, Vol. 3, Nº. 1, 2008, pags. 213-254

Portuguese

Teoria do delito
Injusto penal
Tipo total de injusto
Elementos negativos do tipo
Erro de tipo
Theory of crime
Penal unlawfulness
Total typification of unlawfulness
Negative elements of the type - Error of type

Teoria do delito
Injusto penal
Tipo total de injusto
Elementos negativos do tipo
Erro de tipo
Theory of crime
Penal unlawfulness
Total typification of unlawfulness
Negative elements of the type - Error of type
Suzana Guimarães, Rodrigo
Tipo total de injusto.

In this study, a review of unlawfulness is made based on the theory of the negative elements of the type, analyzing its judgment and the need of its enforcement for the development of Brazilian Criminal Law. The theory of the negative elements of the type arose in Germany in the 19th century through the works of Adolf Merkel as a way to find a solution to the gap left by the old German Penal Code concerning the error relative to the presupposed legal facts of a justification cause. Merkel and his followers understood that the penal type should have two sides: a positive one, established by indiscriminate conduct, and a negative one, consistent in the absence of justification causes. In this manner, vagueness doctrine and illegality constitute a single element in the structure of the criminal offense, forming the total typification of unlawfulness. In this order of ideas, it is admitted that there is illegality, or unlawfulness, exclusively criminal, that can only have relevance to Criminal Law from the moment it is typified. With the adoption of the total type of unlawfulness, the interpreter would no longer confront the insurmountable obstacle of application, under the aegis of the principle of democracy, the so-called open types. On the other hand, the error about the presupposed legal facts in a justification cause would no longer be a kind of error of type, a hypothesis perfectly suited to the statute described in Art. 20, paragraph 1 of the Brazilian Penal Code. The study of the penal type and its relationship with the opinion of illegality of conduct described by it, from the doctrinal viewpoint proposed by Adolf Merkel, with its important implications in the theory of crime, could make important contributions to the future reading of the theory of criminal offense, being established in a model that would be appropriate to fulfilling the important function of guaranty of penal type, which is indispensable to the juridical order of a Democratic State of Law.

Article

Suzana Guimarães, Rodrigo

Suzana Guimarães, Rodrigo

Suzana Guimarães, Rodrigo

Tipo total de injusto.

Tipo total de injusto.

Tipo total de injusto.

Tipo total de injusto.

Tipo total de injusto.

tipo total de injusto.

Universidade FUMEC, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas, Sociais e da Saúde

2008

http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=4047772

1709710704957718528

dialnet-ar-18-ART00005091432016-04-13Tipo total de injusto.Suzana Guimarães, RodrigoTeoria do delitoInjusto penalTipo total de injustoElementos negativos do tipoErro de tipoTheory of crimePenal unlawfulnessTotal typification of unlawfulnessNegative elements of the type - Error of typeIn this study, a review of unlawfulness is made based on the theory of the negative elements of the type, analyzing its judgment and the need of its enforcement for the development of Brazilian Criminal Law. The theory of the negative elements of the type arose in Germany in the 19th century through the works of Adolf Merkel as a way to find a solution to the gap left by the old German Penal Code concerning the error relative to the presupposed legal facts of a justification cause. Merkel and his followers understood that the penal type should have two sides: a positive one, established by indiscriminate conduct, and a negative one, consistent in the absence of justification causes. In this manner, vagueness doctrine and illegality constitute a single element in the structure of the criminal offense, forming the total typification of unlawfulness. In this order of ideas, it is admitted that there is illegality, or unlawfulness, exclusively criminal, that can only have relevance to Criminal Law from the moment it is typified. With the adoption of the total type of unlawfulness, the interpreter would no longer confront the insurmountable obstacle of application, under the aegis of the principle of democracy, the so-called open types. On the other hand, the error about the presupposed legal facts in a justification cause would no longer be a kind of error of type, a hypothesis perfectly suited to the statute described in Art. 20, paragraph 1 of the Brazilian Penal Code. The study of the penal type and its relationship with the opinion of illegality of conduct described by it, from the doctrinal viewpoint proposed by Adolf Merkel, with its important implications in the theory of crime, could make important contributions to the future reading of the theory of criminal offense, being established in a model that would be appropriate to fulfilling the important function of guaranty of penal type, which is indispensable to the juridical order of a Democratic State of Law.Neste estudo, faz-se a releitura do injusto penal com base na teoria dos elementos negativos do tipo, analisando o seu acerto e a necessidade de sua aplicação para o desenvolvimento do Direito Penal brasileiro. A teoria dos elementos negativos do tipo surgiu na Alemanha do século XIX, por obra de Adolf Merkel, como forma de buscar a solução para uma lacuna deixada pelo antigo Código Penal alemão sobre o erro relativo aos pressupostos fáticos de uma causa de justificação. Merkel e seus seguidores entendem que o tipo penal deve possuir duas faces: uma positiva, constituída pela conduta incriminada; e outra negativa, consistente na ausência de causas de justificação. Dessa forma, tipicidade e ilicitude constituem um único elemento na estrutura do delito, formando o tipo total de injusto. Nessa ordem de idéias, há que se admitir que existe ilicitude, ou antijuridicidade, exclusivamente penal, que somente terá relevância para o Direito Penal a partir do momento em que for tipificada. Com a adoção do tipo total de injusto, o intérprete não mais enfrentaria o intransponível obstáculo da aplicação, sob a égide do princípio da democracia, dos chamados tipos abertos. Por outro lado, o erro sobre os pressupostos fáticos de uma causa de justificação nada mais seria do que uma espécie de erro de tipo, hipótese perfeitamente adequada à norma descrita no art. 20, § 1º, do Código Penal brasileiro. O estudo do tipo penal e de suas relações com o juízo de ilicitude da conduta por ele descrita, sob a ótica da doutrina proposta por Adolf Merkel, com suas importantes implicações na teoria do delito, poderia trazer, em modesta e particular visão, importante contribuição para uma futura leitura da teoria do delito, com a fixação de um modelo que seja adequado a cumprir, em especial, a importante função de garantia do tipo penal, indispensável à ordem jurídica de um Estado Democrático de Direito.Universidade FUMEC, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas, Sociais e da Saúde2008text (article)application/pdfhttp://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=4047772(Revista) ISSN 2238-6939Meritum, ISSN 2238-6939, Vol. 3, Nº. 1, 2008, pags. 213-254porLICENCIA DE USO: Los documentos a texto completo incluidos en Dialnet son de acceso libre y propiedad de sus autores y/o editores. 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